Article Sidebar

Download
pdf
Statistic
Read Counter : 205 Download : 101

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Main Article Content

Abstract

The meta-analysis in this study was conducted to determine the protein and energy requirements of various cattle breeds in Indonesia. A database was compiled from various research articles that involved cattle as the experimental animals, focusing on studies that reported energy and protein intake, initial body weight, and average daily gain (ADG). In total, 57 articles covering different cattle breeds in Indonesia, with 191 data points, were integrated into the database. The database specified different breeds (Aceh, Bali, Madura, Peranakan Ongole (PO), Sumba Ongole (SO), and Local) and sexes. Regressing ADG used to determine maintenance and gain requirements of dry matter, energy, and protein with dry matter intake (DMI), total digestible nutrient intake (TDNI), and crude protein intake (CPI), respectively. An intercept (where ADG= 0 kg/kg MBW/d) and a slope (required nutrient intake per unit ADG) were taken as maintenance and gain requirements, respectively. Results revealed that protein and energy requirement for maintenance (CPm and TDNm) of all cattle breeds varied in values, ranging from 0.0014 to 0.0102 kg/kg MBW/d (Madura and PO breeds) and 0.0232 to 0.0687 kg/kg MBW/d (Aceh and PO breeds), respectively. Each cattle breed in Indonesia has its particular CP and TDN requirements. Both energy and protein requirements for maintenance (CPm and TDNm) and gain (CPg and TDNg) varied in value for each breed.

Keywords

Cattle Energy Meta-Analysis Nutrient Requirement Protein

Article Details

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Submission of a manuscript implies that the work described has not been published before or is under consideration for publication elsewhere (except in the form of an abstract). When the manuscript is accepted for publication, the authors agree to automatic transfer of the copyright to the publisher.

How to Cite
Samadi, S., Wajizah, S., Yuliansyah, A. B., Ilham, & Jayanegara, A. (2024). A Meta-Analysis to Determine Protein and Energy Requirements for Maintenance and Growth of Cattle in Indonesia. ANIMAL PRODUCTION, 26(3), 150-162. https://doi.org/10.20884/1.jap.2024.26.3.307
Crossref
Scopus
Google Scholar
Europe PMC

References

  1. Aditia, R Priyanto, M Baihaqi, BW Putra, and M Ismail. 2013. Production Performance of Bali and Ongole Crossbreed Cattle Fed with Sorghum Base. Jurnal Ilmu Produksi dan Teknologi Hasil Peternakan 1(3): 155–59.
  2. Adiwinarti, Retno, I.P Kusuma, and C.M Sri Lestari. 2010. Performance of Ongole Crossbred and Friesian Holstein Crossbred Young Bulls Fed Consentrate and Napier Grass. Sains Peternakan 8(1): 1–7.
  3. Afzalani, E, Musnandar, and Raguati. 2017. Effect of Supplementation of Tofu Waste and Organic Mineral of Zn-Cu on Weight Gain in Bali Cattle Fed with Hyampeacne Amplexicaules Rudge Ness. Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu peternakan 20(2): 97–108.
  4. Agus, A, B Suwignyo, and R Utomo. 2005. Utilization of Complete Feed Based on Fermented Rice Straw for Australian Commercial Cross Steer on Carcass and Meat Quality. Buletin Peternakan 29(1): 1–9.
  5. Ariwibawa, GP, M Mudita, AAPP Wibawa, and IW Wirawan. 2015. The Appereance of Bali Cattle Who given Ration Based on Agricultural Waste Fermented by Inoculan Rumen Liquid and Termite. Peternakan Tropika 3(1): 44–59.
  6. Astuti A, Erwanto, and PE Santosa. 2015. Pengaruh Cara Pemberian Konsentrat-Hijauan Terhadap Respon Fisiologis Dan Performa Sapi Peternakan Simmental. Jurnal Ilmiah Peternakan Terpadu 3(4): 201–7.
  7. Astuti, DA, E Wina, E Haryanto, and S Suharti. 2009. Performance and Profile of Some Blood Components of Ongole Crossbred Cattle Fed Ration Containing Lerak (Sapindus Rarak De Candole). Med Pet. 32: 63–70.
  8. Astuti, S, Suharti D.A., and Wina E. 2009. Nutrient Digestibility and Beef Cattle Performance Fed by Lerak (Sapindus Rarak) Meal in Concentrate Ration. Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences (Vol 14, No 3 (2009): 200–207.
  9. Baihaqi, M., and R. Herman. 2012. Carcass and Non-Carcass Components of Priangan and Javanese Fat-Tailed Rams Slaughtered at Mature Live Weight. Media Peternakan 35(3): 196–200.
  10. Bain, A. DA Astuti, S Suharti, C Arman, and KG Wiryawan. 2016. Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, and Meat Quality of Bali Cattle Fed a Ration Supplemented with Soybean Oil Calcium Soap and Cashew Fruit Flour. Media Peternakan 39(3): 180–88.
  11. Baliarti, P K Tahuk, S P S Budhi, Panjono Panjono; E. 2018. Carcass and Meat Characteristics of Male Bali Cattle in Indonesian Smallholder Farms Fed Ration with Different Protein Levels. Tropical Animal Science Journal 41(3): 215–23.
  12. Block, H, T Patterson, T Klopfenstein, Terry, and M John. 2001. Evaluation of 1996 Beef Cattle NRC Model and Development of Net Energy Modifiers. Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports: 285.
  13. Block, H C, J L Bourne, H A Lardner, and J J McKinnon. 2010. Evaluation of NRC (2000) Model Energy Requirement and DMI Equation Accuracy and Precision for Wintering Beef Cows in Western Canada. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 90(2): 245–58.
  14. Block, HC, Klopfenstein T J, and Erickson GE. 2006. Evaluation of Average Daily Gain Prediction by Level One of the Beef Cattle. 7th ed. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
  15. Boval, M., N. Edouard, and D. Sauvant. 2015. A Meta-Analysis of Nutrient Intake, Feed Efficiency and Performance in Cattle Grazing on Tropical Grasslands. Animal 9(6): 973–82.
  16. Carvalho, M C de, and N Ngadiyono. 2010. Growth and Carcass Production of Ongole Crossbred Cattle and Simmental Ongole Crossbred Cattle Reared in a Feedlot System). Buletin Peternakan: 415–22.
  17. Chizzotti, ML, LO Tedeschi, and SCV Filho. 2008. A Meta- Analysis of Energy and Protein Requirements for Mainte- Nance and Growth of Nellore Cattle. J. Anim. Sci 86: 1588–97.
  18. Das, Lalatendu Keshary, S. S. Kundu, Dinesh Kumar, and Chander Datt. 2014. Metabolizable Protein Systems in Ruminant Nutrition: A Review. Veterinary World 7(8): 622–29.
  19. Dong, L. F., T. Yan, C. P. Ferris, and D. A. McDowell. 2015. Comparison of Maintenance Energy Requirement and Energetic Efficiency between Lactating Holstein-Friesian and Other Groups of Dairy Cows. Journal of Dairy Science 98(2): 1136–44.
  20. Fauzyah, A, Panjono, A Agus, IGS Budisatria, and BP Widyobroto. 2017. The Effect of Rumen Undegradable Protein Level of Concentrate With Rice Straw As Basal Diet on Growth Performance of Sumba Ongole Beef Cattle. Buletin Peternakan 41(2): 142.
  21. Fox, DG, CJ Sniffen, D O’Connor, JB Russel, and PJ Van Soest. 1992. A Net Carbohydrate and Protein System for Evaluating Cattle Diets: III. Cattle Requirements and Diet Adequacy. Journal of animal science 70(11): 3578–96.
  22. Hartati, E, N G F Katipana, and A Saleh. 2009. The Addition of Zinc in Nutritive Rich Feed Containing Lemuru Oil to Growth and Birth Weight of Bali Cattle. Animal Production.
  23. Hartati, E, A Saleh, ED Sulistijo, and JJA Ratuwaloe. 2012. Supplementation of ZnSO4 and Zn-Cu Isoleucinate in Ration to Improve Growth and Body Immunity of Young Male Bali Cattle. Animal. 14(3): 180–86.
  24. Haryanto, Budi, Zaenal Hasan, Kuswandi, and Artika. 2012. The Use of Propolis to Increase Productivity of Peranakan Ongole (PO) Cattle. Jitv 17: 201–2016.
  25. Haryanto, K, Maaruf, SS Malalantang, and MR Waani. 2016. The Effects of Affering King Grass (Pennisetum Purpupoides) and Corn Stover on Performance of Ongole Crossbreed Cows. Jurnal Zootek 36(1): 123–30.
  26. Ibrahim, MS, U Budi, and TH Wahyuni. 2013. Utilization of Oil Palm Frond Fermented by Aspergilus Niger on Performances of Bali Cattle Males. Jurnal Peternakan Integratif 2(1): 66–74.
  27. Indarsih, B. 2009. Response of Two Different Strains of Commercial Broilers to Different Dietary Amino Acid Allowance. Media Peternakan. 32(2): 104–11.
  28. Jayanegara, A. M Ridla, DA Astuti, KG Wiryawan, EB Laconi, and Nahrowi. 2017. Determination of Energy and Protein Requirements of Sheep in Indonesia Using a Meta-Analytical Approach. Media Peternakan 40(2): 118–27.
  29. Khasrad, and Rusdimansyah. 2012. Influence of Concentrate-Rice Straw Ammoniated Ratio and Fattening Period on Body Weight and Meat Physical Quality of Pesisir Cattle. Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner 17(2): 152–60.
  30. Lani, M. L., L. Abdullah, and R. Priyanto. 2015. Utilization of Leucaena Leucocephala in Traditional Fattening Program of Bali Cattle in Amarasi. Media Peternakan 38(1): 64–69.
  31. Lestari, C. M.S., R. Adiwinarti, M. Arifin, and A. Purnomoadi. 2011. The Performance of Java and Ongole Crossbred Bull under Intensive Feeding Management. Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture 36(2): 109–13.
  32. Lestari, D. A., L. Abdullah, and Despal. 2015. Comparative Study of Milk Production and Feed Efficiency Based on Farmers Best Practices and National Research Council. Media Peternakan 38(2): 110–17.
  33. M, Bata, S Rahayua, and N Hidayat. 2016. Performances of Sumba Ongole Cattle Fed Ammoniated Rice Straw and Concentrate Supplemented with Waru Leaf Meal (Hibiscus Tiliaceus). Agripet 16(2): 106–13.
  34. Mahyuddin, Asril, and Mudatsir. 2016. Performance of Aceh Bullock That given Feed Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia Crassipes) with Fermentation Probiotic Aspergillus Niger as a Substitute Elephant Grass and Grass Field. Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian Unsyiah 1(1): 824–33.
  35. Mahyuddin. 2001. The Effect of Mixed Water Hyacinth, Molasses and Urea on Live Weight Gains of Aceh Bullocks. Agripet 2(2): 13–17.
  36. Mahyuddin. 2002. Effect of Feeding Subtitution of Feather Meal and Rice Bran on Body Weight Feed Consumption and Feed Efficiency of Aceh Bullocks. Agripet 3(1): 6–12.
  37. Mahyuddin, P, and M Winugroho. 2010. Effect of Combination of Yeast (Saccharomyces Cerevisae + Candida Utilis) and Herbs Supplementation in Finishing Diet on Carcass Characteristics of Beef Cattle. J. Indonesian Trop. Anim. Agric 35(4): 251–56.
  38. Manurung, T. 1996. Utilization of Tree Legume Forages as Protein Sources of Beef Cattle Ration. Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner 1(3): 143–48.
  39. Mualimin, K, N Sandiah, and L O Baa. 2015. Efisiensi Penggunaan Ransum Sapi Bali Jantan Yang Disubtitusi Dengan Ampas Tahu Dan Dedak Padi Fermentasi. Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Peternakan Tropis 2(2): 63–69.
  40. Ngadiyono, N. 1996. Production Performance of Male Sumba Ongole, Brahman Cross and Australian Commercial Cross Grown in a Feedlot System. Buletin Peternakan 20: 18–27.
  41. Ngadiyono, N, H Hartadi, M Winugroho, DD Siswansyah, and SN Ahmad. 2001. The Effect of Bioplus Supplementation on Performance of Madura Cattle in Central Kalimantan. Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner 6(2): 69–75.
  42. NRC. 2000. Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle: Seventh Revised Edition. Washington DC, USA: National Academy Press.
  43. NRC. 2007. Nutrient Requirements of Small Ruminants: Sheep, Goats, Cervids, and New World Camelids. Washington DC, USA: National Academy Press.
  44. Nusi, M, R Utomo, and Soeparno. 2011. Effect of Utilization of Corn Cobs in Complete Feed and Undegraded Protein Suplementation on Gain and Meat Quality of Ongole Crossbred Cattle. Buletin Peternakan 35(3): 173–181.
  45. Oliveira, A S. 2015. Meta-Analysis of Feeding Trials to Estimate Energy Requirements of Dairy Cows under Tropical Condition. Anim. Feed Sci 210: 94–103.
  46. Owens, F N, S Qi, and D A Sapienza. 2014. Applied Protein Nutrition of Ruminants: Current Status and Future Directions. Anim Sci 30: 150–79.
  47. Paul, SS, AB Mandal, GP Mandal, A Kannan, and NN Pathak. 2004. Deriving Nutrient Requirements of Lactating Indian Cattle under Tropical Condition Using Performance and Intake Data Emanated from Feeding Trials Conducted in Different Research Institutes. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences 17(6): 769–76.
  48. Prayitno, C H, T R Sutardi, and Suwarno. 2014. Supplementation Effect of Herbal and Organic Minerals in Beef Cattle Feed on Consumption, Digestibility, Efficiency and Daily Gain. Animal Production 16(2): 88–94.
  49. Priyanto, R, AM Fuah, EL Aditia, M Baihaqi, and M Ismail. 2015. Improving Productivity and Meat Quality of Local Beef Cattle through Fattening on Cereals Based Feed with Different Energy Levels. Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia 20(2): 108–14.
  50. Puastuti, W, D Yulistiani, IW Mathius, F Giyai, and E Dihansih. 2010. Cacao Pod-Based Ration Supplemented with Organic Zn: Growth Response of Sheep. Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner 15: 269–77.
  51. Purnomoadi, A, Nurhidayat, and E Rianto. 2008. Dietary Energy Metabolism in Ongole Grade and Ongole Grade x Limousin Bulls Fed Fermented Rice Straw and Concentrate. Sains Peternakan 6(2): 54–60.
  52. Purwanti, D, Suryahadi, and D Evvyernie. 2014. Performance of Beef Cattle in Response to Solid and Liquid Probiotic Supplementations. Buletin Makanan Ternak 101(1): 13–24.
  53. Rab, R A Priyanto, A M Fuah, and I K G Wiryawan. 2016. Carry Capacity and Efficiency Production of Madura Cattle through Utilization Soybean Waste. Jurnal Ilmu Produksi dan Teknologi Hasil Peternakan 4(3): 340–44.
  54. Ratnawati, D, and Aryogi. 2016. Feeding Treatment Based on Palm Oil by Product and Supplementation to Support Reproduction Performance of Bull. Animal Production 18(3): 157–64.
  55. Rauf, A, R Priyanto, and M P Dewi. 2015. Productivity of Bali Cattle on Grazing Systems in Bombana District. Jurnal Ilmu Produksi dan Teknologi Hasil Peternakan 3(2): 100–105.
  56. Rianto, E, A S Iswaldi, and S Dartosukarno. 2005. Penampilan Produksi Sapi Peranakan Ongole Dan Sapi Peranakan Ongole x Limousin Yang Mendapat Pakan Rumput Raja Dan Ampas Bir. Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture 20(2): 91–97.
  57. Riaz, M Q, K H Sudekum, M Claus, and A Jayanegara. 2014. Voluntary Feed Intake and Digestibility of Four Do Mestic Ruminant Species as Influenced by Dietary Constit-Uents: A Meta-Analysis. Livest. Sci 162: 76–85.
  58. Riswandi, AIM Ali, Muhakka, Y Syaifudin, and I Akbar l. 2015. Nutrient Digestibility and Productivity of Bali Cattle Fed Fermented Hymenachne Amplexia Calis Based Rations Supplemented with Leucaena Leucocephala. Media Peternakan 38(3): 156–62.
  59. Riyanto, J, SD Widyawati, A Pramono, Lutojo, and Riyanti. 2017. Production Performances of Males Simental Ongole Crossbred Cattle Fed by Protected Soybean Groats-Lemuru Fish Oil in the Diet. Sains Peternakan 15(1): 22–28.
  60. Russel, J B, JDDG O’Conner, P J Van Soest, and C J Sniffen. 1992. A Net Carbohydrate and Protein System for Evaluating Cattle Diets: I Ruminal Fermentation. J Anim Sci 70: 35–51.
  61. Saepudin, A, L Khotijah, and S Suharti. 2016. Nutrient Intake and Digestibility of Beef Cattle Fed with Ration Containing Soybean Pod. Buletin Makanan Ternak 103(1): 1–10.
  62. Salah, N, D Sauvant, and H Archimede. 2014. Nutritional Re-Quirements of Sheep, Goats and Cattle in Warm Climates: A Meta-Analysis. Animal 8: 1439–47.
  63. Samadi, T Katerina, and P Yu. 2013. Detect the Sensitivity and Response of Protein Molecular Structure of Whole Canola Seed (Yellow and Brown) to Different Heat Processing Methods and Relation to Protein Utilization and Availability Using ATR-FT/IR Molecular Spectroscopy with Chemometrics. Spectrochimica Acta Part A 105: 304–13.
  64. Samadi, and P Yu. 2011. Dry and Moist Heating-Induced Changes in Protein Molecular Structure, Protein Subfraction, and Nutrient Profiles in Soybean. Journal Dairy Science 94.12: 6092–6102.
  65. Santosa U, UH Tanuwiria, A Yulianti, and U Suryadi. 2012. Utilization of Organic Chromium from Tannery Waste on Reducing Transportation Stress and Shortening Recovery Period at Beef Cattle. Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences (Vol 17, No 2 (2012)): 132–41.
  66. Sari, DDK, MH Astuti, and LS Asi. 2016. Effect of tofu industry and cassava (manihot utilissima) based bioethanol waste as feed supplement on performance of bali cattle (bos sondaicus). Buletin Peternakan Vol 40(2): 107–12.
  67. Setiawan, D, and H Nuraini. 2016. Performance of Local Cattle (Peranakan Ongole-PO) Feed Concentrate Containing Mulberry Leave Meal. Agripet 16(1): 16–22.
  68. Sihombing, J, RE Mirwandhono, and I Sembiring. 2015. Utilization of oil palm fronds treated by ammoniation and fermentation on performances of aceh cattle. Jurnal Peternakan Integratif 4(1): 41–52.
  69. Sniffen, CJPJ, Van Soest, DG Fox, JD O’Connor, and JB Russel. 1992. A Net Carbohydrate and Protein System for Evaluating Cattle Diets: II. Carbohydrate and Protein Availability. Journal of animal science 70(11): 3562–77.
  70. Soeprapto, H. 2011. Production Performance of Brahman Cross Steer Feed with Concentrate Containing Kapok Seed Meal. Animal Production 7(3).
  71. Suherman, A, Y Mahmud, E Hikmana, W Ambasari, I Hernaman, H Yuhani, and R Salim. 2018. Performa Sapi Peranakan Ongole Betina Yang Diberi Ransum Berbasis Jerami Padi Fermentasi Yang Mengandung Indigofera Zollingeriana. Sains Peternakan: Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu Peternakan 16(2): 40–44.
  72. Suryani, A T, Panjono, and A Agus. 2014. The Effect of Dietary Peptida-G® Supplementation as Alternative for β-Adrenergic Agonist on Growth Performance and Carcass Quality of Brahman Cross Cattle. Buletin Peternakan 38(2): 101–8.
  73. Tahuk, P K, and A A Dethan. 2010. Performance of bali bull in greenlot fattening by farmers when rainy season in timor island. Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture 35(10): 257–61.
  74. Tangjitwattanachai, N, and K Sommart. 2009. Protein Requirements for Maintenance and Gain of Thai Native, Brahman and Brahman Crossbred Beef Cattle in Thailand: A Meta-Analysis. JIRCAS Working Report 64: 66–69.
  75. Umar, M, B Kunardi, E Rianto, E Pangestu, and A Purnomoadi. 2015. The effect of energy level of feeding on daily gain, blood glucose and urea on madura cattle. Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture 40(3): 159–66.
  76. Valente, EEL, MF Paulino, E Detmann, S de Campos, V Filho, JEG Cardenas, and IFT Dias. 2013. Requirement of Energy and Protein of Beef Cattle on Tropical Pasture. Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences 35.
  77. Valentina, F D, I W Suarna, and N N Suryani. 2018. Nutrient Digestibility of Ration Containing Different Protein and Energy Level on Bali Cattle Heifers. Peternakan Tropika 6(1): 184–97.
  78. Van Amburgh, ME, EA Collao-Saenz, R J Higgs, DA Ross, EB Rectenwald, E Raffrenato, LE Chase, TR Overton, JK Mills, and A Foskolos. 2015. The Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System: Updates to the Model and Evaluation of Version 6.5. Journal of Dairy Science 98(9): 6361–80.
  79. Wilkerson, VA, TJ Klopfenstein, RA Britton, RA Stock, and PS Miller. 1993. Metabolizable Protein and Amino Acid Requirements of Growing Cattle. Journal of Animal Science 71(10): 2777–84.
  80. Wiryawan, KG, A Saefudin, AM Fuah, R Priyatno, L Khotijah, and S Suharti. 2017. Fermentation Characteristics and Nitrogen Retention of Madura Cattle Fed Complete Rations Containing Soybean Pod and By-Products. Media Peternakan 40(1): 28–34.
  81. Yakin, EA, N Ngadiyono, and R Utomo. 2013. Effect of rumen content silage substitution to king grass basal feed on crossbreed cattle performance. Buletin Peternakan 36(3): 174–80.
  82. Yantika, SM, Alamsyari, D Evvyernie, D Diapari, and K Winaga. 2016. Performance, Carcass Production, and Meat Quality of Sumba Ongole Bulls Fed Ration Supplemented Velvet Bean (Mucuna Pruriens). Media Peternakan 39(1): 20–26.
  83. Yulistiani, D, IW Mathius, and W Puastuti.. 2011. Substitution of Commercial Concentrate with Soy Bean Meal Protected by Tannin from Banana Stem Juice for Lambs. Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner 16(1): 33–40.
  84. Yulistiani, D, W Puastuti, and IW Mathius. 2013. Response of Sheep Fed on Concentrate Containing Feather Meal and Supplemented with Mineral Chromium. Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner 18(1): 9–16.
  85. Zhao, J, X Ma, Y Jin, R Su, W Liu, Y Ren, C Zhang, and J Zhang. 2016. Energy Requirements for the Maintenance and Growth of Dorper-Jinzhong Crossbred Ram Lambs. Italian Journal of Animal Science 15(1): 94–102. https://doi.org/10.1080/1828051X.2016.1147336.